What does the term “short circuit” mean in electrical terms?

The term “short circuit” refers to an unintended low-resistance path for electrical current. In electrical systems, current takes the path of least resistance. If there is a fault, such as a break in insulation or improper connections, electricity can flow through an alternate route that offers less resistance compared to the intended pathway. This condition can lead to excessive current flow, which may result in overheating, damage to electrical components, or even fire hazards. Essentially, a short circuit bypasses the intended circuit design, leading to potential dangers due to the uncontrolled flow of electricity. Understanding this concept is crucial for ensuring safety and proper functioning in electrical systems, especially in marine environments where reliability is vital.